Right Form of Verbs গুরুত্বপূর্ণ নিয়মাবলী (With Self-test)

Right Form of Verbs গুরুত্বপূর্ণ নিয়মাবলী

(With Self-test)

Rule: Present indefinite tense-এ Subject third person singular number হওয়া সত্ত্বেও can, must, should এর পরে verb- এর সহিত s/es যোগ হবে না।
(a) The man can (do)—the work.
Ans. The man can do the work.
(b) She must (come)—to her office in time.
Ans. She must come to her office in time.
(c) The student should (learn)—his lessons regularly.
Ans. The student should learn his lessons regularly.
Try yourself:
(d) He can (walk)—five miles at a time.
(e) The girl must not (go)—to college on foot.

Rule: Sentence টি Active Voice হলে can, could, may, might, shall, should, will, would, must, need, dare, used to, ought to প্রভৃতি Modal Auxiliary Verb-এর পরে present form হয়। যেমন:
(a) The boy can (work out)—the sum.
Ans. The boy can work out the sum.
(b) He could not (eat)—all the mangoes.
Ans. He could not eat all the mangoes.
(c) You must (do)—your duty properly.
Ans. You must do your duty properly.
Try yourself:
(d) It may (rain)—today.
(e) One should (take)—care of one’s health.

Rule: Sentenceটি Passive Voice হলে can, could, may, might, shall, should, will, would, must, need, dare, used to, ought to প্রভৃতি Modal Auxiliary Verb-এর পরে be+ Verb-এর past participle form হয়। যেমন:
The work can (do) ……. immediately.
Ans. The work can be done immediately.
All the mangoes could (eat) ………
Ans. All the mangoes could be eaten.
Your duty must (perform) ……… very soon.
Ans. Your duty must be performed very soon.
Try yourself:
It can not (deny) ……..
The English book will (buy) …….. tomorrow.

Rule:Let, had rather, had better, would better, do not, does not, need not, did not, did never ইত্যাদির পরে Verb-এর present form হয় । যেমন:
(a) I let the other boys (use) my skates.
Ans. I let the other boys use my skates.
(b) I had better (go) __ home by this time.
Ans. I had better go home by this time.
I need not (do) __the work.
Ans. I need not do the work.
Try yourself:
(d) He did not (go) ……. to college yesterday.
(e) He does not (like) …… student-politics.

Rule:To- এর পরে Verb- এর present form হয়। যেমন:

(a) She went to New Market to (buy)—a dress.
Ans. She went to New Market to buy a dress.
(b) We have come here to (see)—his ailing mother.
Ans. We have come here to see his ailing mother.
(c) The man said to the porter to (carry)—the load.
Ans. The man said to the porter to carry the load.
Try yourself:
(d) You need to (go)—there.
(e) We have to (realise)—the importance of English.

Rule:‘Since’ বা ‘for’ এর পরে সময় উল্লেখ থাাকলে senteneটি present perfect Continuous Tense হবে। যেমন:
(a) It (rain)—for two hours.
Ans. It has been raining for two hours.
(b) It (rain)—since the morning.
Ans. It has been raining since the morning.
(c) We (live)—in Dhaka since 1986.
Ans. We have been living in Dhaka since 1986.
Try yourself:
(d) They (live)—Dhaka for 20 years.
(e) She (wait)—you for two hours.

Rule:If যুক্ত causeটি Present Indefinite tense হলে অপর Clauseটি Future Indefinite Tense হয়; অর্থাৎ [If +Present Indefinite+Future Indefinite]
(a) If you walk slowly, you (miss)—the train.
Ans. If you walk slowly, you will miss the train.
(b) If he works hard, he (shine)—in life.
Ans. If he works hard, he will shine in life.
(c) If you run in the rain, you (catch)—cold.
Ans. If you run in the rain, you will catch cold.
Try yourself:
(d) I will not go out, if it (rain)—.
(e) If he (come)—here, I will go there with him.

Rule:with a view to/look forward to

/get used to এর পরে Verb এর সহিত ing যোগ হয়।
(a) I went there with a view to (read)—there.
Ans. I went there with a view to reading there.
(b) I am looking forward to (get)—your reply.
Ans. I am looking forward to getting your reply.
(c) I looked forward to (stand)—first in the class.
Ans. I looked forward to standing first in the class.
Try yourself:
(d) They become addicted to (take)—drugs.
(e) We went to Cox’s Bazar with a view to (see)—the sea shore.

Rule:By-এর পরে Verb এর সহিত ing যোগ হয়। যেমন:
(a) He expressed his grief by (say)—that the thief had stolen his watch.
Ans. He expressed his grief by saying that the thief had stolen his watch.
(b) Answer the questions by (write)—one point of information.
Ans. Answer the questions by writing one point of information.
(c) By (dig)—a deeper hole, Jerry planted a tree.
Ans. By digging a deeper hole, Jerry planted a tree.
Try yourself:
(d) No student can pass the examination by (adopt)— unfairmeans in the examination.
(e) By (be)—conscious of a language one can develop his ‘explicit’ learning.

Rule:in/of/for/with/without/before/after প্রভৃতি Peposition- এর পরে Verb এর সহিত ing যোগ হয়। যেমন:
(a) I don’t believe in (overload)—my stomach.
Ans. I don’t believe in overloading my stomach.
(b) I had never thought of (go)—there.
Ans. I had never thought of going there.
(c) I could not live without (help)—the poor.
Ans. I could not live without helping the poor.
Try yourself:
(d) After (do)—the work I will go out.
(e) The porter came here for (do)—the work.

Rule:Mind, would you mind, worth, past, can not help, could not help – এর পরে Verb এর সহিত ing যোগ হয়। যেমন:
(a) Would you mind (give)—me a pen ?
Ans. Would you mind giving me a pen ?
(b) I can not help (do)—the work.
Ans. I can not help doing the work.
(c) He could not help (help)—the poor.
Ans. He could not help helping the poor.
Try yourself:
(d) She never mind (have)—ice cream.
(e) He could not help (sell)—his land.

Rule:Sentence এর শুরুতে যদি would that থাকে তাহলে subject এর পরে could বসে এবং Verb এর Present form হয়।
(a) Would that I (go)—to the moon.
Ans. Would that I could go to the moon.
(b) Would that I (be)—a poet like Nazrul.
Ans. Would that I could be a poet like Nazrul.
(c) Would that I (enter)—into the class-room.
Ans. Would that I could enter into the class-room.
Try yourself:
(d) Would that I (buy)—a latest car.
(e) Would that I (see)—our great Prophet (SM).

Rule:Sentence এ ‘to be’/having/got থাকলে মূল Verb এর Past participle হয়।
(a) The thief ran away having (see)—the policeman.
Ans. The thief ran away having seen the policeman.
(b) The Principal desired the notice to be (hang)—.
Ans. The Principal desired the notice to be hung.
(c) The work is to be (do)—immediately.
Ans. The work is to be done immediately.
Try yourself:
(d) I got the letter (write)—by him.
(e) Having (do)—his duty he went out.

Rule:ব্রাকেটে (be) থাকলে person, number এবং tense অনুযায়ী am/is/are/Was/were/been হবে
(a) Allah (be)—everywhere.
Ans. Allah is everywhere.
(b) It (be)—twenty years ago.
Ans. It was twenty years ago.
(c) One of my friends (be)—a good student.
Ans. One of my friends is/was a good student.
Try yourself:
(d) The tickets of the journey (be)—very costly.
(e) The people of this village (be)—very poor.

Rule:lf/Had যুক্ত clauseটি Past Indefinite Tense হলে অপর clause-এর Subject-এর পরে would/could/might বসে এবং Verb -এর Present Form বসে। যেমন:
(a) If he requested me, I (go)— there.
Ans. If he requested me, I would go there.
(b) If I were a rich man, I (help)—the poor.
Ans. If I were a rich man, I would help the poor.
(c) If I were the President, I (remove)—the terrorism.
Ans. If I were the President, I would remove the terrorism.
Try yourself:
(d) Had I much money, I (establish)—a college.
(e) Had I the wings of a bird, I (fly)—like a bird.

Rule:Sentence-এ lf/Had যুক্ত clauseটি Past perfect Tense হলে অপর অংশটিতে Subject-এর পরে অর্থভেদে would have/could have/might have বসে এবং verb-এর past participle হয়।
(a) If he had invited, I (go)—.
Ans. If he had invited, I would have gone.
(b) If I had been a rich man, I (help)—the poor.
Ans. If I had been a rich man, I would have helped the poor.
(c) I would have helped him, if he (want)—.
Ans. I would have helped him, if he had wanted.
Try yourself:
(d) We would have come, if he (invite)—.
(e) If you had stated earlier, you (catch)—the bus.

Rule:Sentence-এ wish, fancy, it is time, it is high time ইত্যাদি থাকলে Verb এর Past Tense হয় এবং (be) থাকলেই were হয়। যেমন:
(a) I wish I (win)—the first prize in the lottery.
Ans. I wish I won the first prize in the lottery.
(b) I fancy I (fly)—among the stars.
Ans. I fancy I flew among the stars.
(c) It is time you (change)—your bad habit.
Ans. It is time you changed your bad habit.
Try yourself:
(d) I wish I (be)—a rich man.
(e) It is time we (earn)—our livelihood.

Rule:Sentence-এ যদি as if, as though ইত্যাদি থাকে তাহলে বন্ধনীস্থ (be) এর স্থলে were বসে। যেমন:
(a) He speaks as if he (be)—the owner of the farm.
Ans. He speaks as if he were the owner of the farm.
(b) The man speaks as though he (be)—a leader.
Ans. The man speaks as though he were a leader.
(c) The man speaks as if he (be)—a landlord.
Ans. The man speaks as if he were a landlord.
Try yourself:
(d) The man speaks as though he (be)—a rich man.
(e) He speaks as if he (be)—the President of Bangladesh.

Rule:Sentence এ each, every, everyone, anyone, any, many a, everybody, every thing, anybody, nobody, no one, nothing, anything, something, someone, one of, either, neither ইতাদি থাকলে verb-এর Singular Number হয়। যেমন:
(a) Every mother (love)—her child.
Ans. Every mother loves her child.
(b) One of the students (be)—very brilliant.
Ans. One of the students is/was very brilliant.
(c) Each of the boys (be)—present yesterday.
Ans. Each of the boys was present yesterday.
Try yourself:
(d) Many a boy (ruin)—his career through laziness.
(e) Neither of the two boys (be)—present today.

Rule:While-এর ঠিক পরই ব্রাকেটের মধ্যে যে Verb থাকে তার সঙ্গে ing যোগ হয়। কিন্তু While-এর পরে Subject থাকলে While-এর অংশটি Past Continuous Tense হয়।
(a) While (walk)—in the garden, a snake bit him.
Ans. While walking in the garden, a snake bit him.
(b) While he (walk)—in the garden, a snake bit him.
Ans. While he was walking in the garden, a snake bit him.
(c) While it (rain)—, I was going to college.
Ans. While it was raining, I was going to college.
Try yourself:
(d) While (sleep)—in his room, he dreamt a nice dream.
(e) My uncle arrived while she (cook)—the dinner.

Rule:একই দৈর্ঘ্য. পরিমাণ বা স্থান বোঝালে Subject দেখতে Plural হলেও verb এর Singular Number হয়।
(a) Previously fifty miles (be)—a long way.
Ans. Previously fifty miles was a long way.
(b) Twenty miles (be)—not a great distance now a days.
Ans. Twenty miles is not a great distance now a days.
(c) Sixty cents (be)—was enough for him.
Ans. Sixty cents is/was was enough for him.
Try yourself:
(d) Twenty dollars (be)—not sufficient in line.
(e) Fifty cents (be)—enough at that time.

Rule:Main Clause-এর Verbটি Past Tense-এর হলে এবং পরের অংশে next day, next week, next month, next year ইত্যাদি উল্লেখ থাকলে Subject-পরে would/should বসে এবং Verb –এর Present Form হয়।
(a) He said that he (go)…….. home the next day.
Ans. He said that he would go home the next day.
(b) He told that he (come) ……..here the next year.
Ans. He told that he would come here the next year.
(c) He said that he (buy)…… a new TV the next day.
Ans. He said that he would buy a new TV the next day.
Try yourself:
(d) She said that she (sell) ……. her land the next month.
(e) The man said that he (go) …….. to London the next day.

Important Rules of Right Form of Verb for English Version/ English Medium

RULE 1: Singular Subject = Singular Verb, Plural Subject = Plural verb

Example:   Shahin is a meritorious student.

Vehicles create traffic jam.

RULE 2: Preposition : ( in, at, on, of, for, from, by, with, without, before, after, into, across, about )  +  noun or Verb +  ing.

Example:  Television is an important source of entertainment or entertaining.

Children are fond of using mobile Phone.

RULE 3:  To + Verb1   but   (Addicted to, Adverse to, Be used to, With a view to, Look forward to, Get used to, Be accustomed to) +  Verb + ing.

Example:  Shimu went to London to get a good job.

Shamim tried to join the Navy .

We are looking forward to hearing from you.

I went to the Stage with a view to dancing.

People of Bangladesh are used to eating by their hands.

RULE 04:  I = am ,

(He, She, It) = is ,

(We, They, you ) = are

3^rd person Singular Sub. =  Has;

3^rd person Plural Sub. =  Have

Example:    I am Sohan.

He is driving a car.

We are going home.

They have won the game.

He has eaten rice.

RULE 5:   The  +  noun or verb  +  ing  +  of.

The necessity of  learning  English is indescribable.

The using of  Mobile is available .

A constitution is essential for a nation.

He has an Umbrella.

RULE 6: (Can, could, may , might, Shall, should, will, would, must, used to, have to, need, dare, ought to ) + V1

Example: He can do the Sum.

It may rain today.

Tamim must study tonight.

RULE 7 :     While + Verb + ing

Example: While walking in the garden, I saw a snake.

While sleeping I dreamt a good dream.

RULE 8:  (have, has, had, get, got, getting, having ) + V3 or Adjective.

Example:  She got married yesterday.

I had my car cleaned.

Having taken the money, the thief ran away.

Our Culture is getting westernized.

RULE  9:  Passive Voice : (Can be, could be, may be , might be, Shall be, should be, will be, would be, must be, used to be, have to be,  ought to be ) + V3

Example:  The work ought to be done.

He will be helped by me.

RULE 10:  I = am ,

(He, She, It) = is ,

(We, They, you ) = are

3^rd person Singular Sub. =  Has;

3^rd person Plural Sub. =  Have

Example:   I am Sohan.

He is driving a car.

We are going home.

They have won the game.

He has eaten rice.

RULE 11:  There + is/was/has + Singular Subject.

There  + are/were/have + plural Sub.

Example:    There is a Mosque in our village.

There are two ponds in our Village.

RULE  12: ( Each, every , one, any) + one or more singular Sub. + Singular Verb.

Example:  Each boy and each girl was present there.

Every boy and girl has been given 100 tk.

RULE 13: (Somebody, Someone) + Singular verb, (some boys, Some toys) + plural verb.

Example:  Someone has stolen the pen.

Some boys have failed in the examination.

RULE 14:   (any, none, each, every, either, neither, one) + of + plural Sub. + singular Verb.

Example:  One of the boys is present there.

None of them was present there. Either of them has stolen it.

RULE  15:  ( Population, public, crowd, army, congress, committee, team, government, family, pair, dozen, scenery, knowledge, hundred, thousand, furniture, machinery, information, bread, money, advice, poetry, gallows, ethics, mathematics, physics, news, electronics, dynamics, 2/3….dollars,  2/3….miles,  ) + singular verb.

Example:  Ill news runs a pace .

Physics is a critical subject.

RULE 16 : (people, spectacles, trousers, scissors, benches, cloths, goods, headquarters, vegetables, laws, police, cattle, folk, circumstances, gentry.) + plural verb.

Example:  His circumstances are not good.

People don’t eat the same food.

Vegetables contain vitamin.

RULE 17:  (who, whose, whom, which, that) follow only  their before subject to choose a verb.

Example:  It is I who am your friend.

It is you who are my friend.

RULE  18:  Prefer to + verb + ing

Example:   Lata prefers to reading newspaper.

Joynal prefers to eating betel.

RULE 19:  ( Feel, love, hear, like, hate, see, forget, consist, seem, sound, smell, believe, know, wish, doubt, prefer, imagine, fear, taste, astonish, please, understand) they are used in present Indefinite tense not in continuous tense.

Example:  I see the bird.

I hear news.

I forget everything.

RULE 20:  Distance/money/time + singular verb

Example:  Thirty miles is a long way.

100 years is a long time.

Money begets money.

RULE 21 : Arithmetical Operations ( singular verb)

Example:  Five plus five is ten.

Ten minus five is five.

Ten divided by two is five.

RULE 22: (Always, regularly, generally, usually, occasionally, normally, naturally, frequently, everyday, daily, often) = Present Indefinite Tense.

Example:  Organizations frequently need employees who speak a standard form of English.

English usually helps  to get good job.

He always prays his prayer.

RULE  23: (now, at this/the moment, at present, day by day, increasingly, rapidly.) = Present continuous Tense.

Example:  Mobile Phone users are increasing day by day.

He is eating now.

RULE 24: (  yesterday, one day, ago, once, last, after a few days, last night, once upon a time, in the past, previously.) = Past Indefinite Tense.

Example:  I received your letter yesterday.

One day I borrowed a book from you.

RULE 25: (Just, just now, already, yet, ever, lately, recently, immediately.) = present Perfect  Tense.

Example:  He has transferred from Dhaka recently.

We have shifted to safe place immediately.

RULE 26: (mind/worth/without/get used to/got used to/ be used to/past, can’t help, couldn’t help, would you mind) + verb + ing

Example:  Would you mind having a cup of tea?

He can’t help smoking.

RULE 27: Active voice – ( am, is , are, was, were, have been, has been, had been, shall be, will be, shall have been, will have been) + verb + ing

Example:  Rana is doing the sum.

It has been raining since morning.

RULE 28:  (ask, decide, demand, forget, happen, hope, learn, manage, neglect, offer, plain, prepare, promise, remember, seem, try , want) + to

Example:   Shihab neglects to his friend.

It seems to me false.

We have decided to start a  business.

RULE  29:   ( had better, had rather, would better, would rather, let, must, need, dare, make, would sooner, had sooner) + verb1

Example:   He had better read newspaper regularly.

I will not let you enter  the classroom.

RULE 30: ( It is time, It is high time, wish, fancy) = Past Indefinite

Example:  I fancy I turned a pale.

It is high time we developed our country.

RULE 31: Lest…. Should…

Example:   Walk fast lest you should miss the train.

Read attentively lest you should fail  in the exam.

RULE 32 : (if, wish, as if , as though) unreal past = were

Example:  If I were a doctor, I could treat the poor.

I wish I were a king.

RULE 33: If  Past Indefinite tense, Sub + would/could/might  +  verb1

Example:   If I were a doctor, I could treat the poor.

If you came , I would go.

RULE  34:  If + Present Indefinite, future Indefinite tense. or                                                     Sub. + may/can/shall/will + v1

Example:   If he runs in the rain, he will catch cold.

If it rains, I will not go out.

RULE 35:  If + present perfect tense, Sub.+ might have/could have/ would have + verb 3

Example:  If they had started earlier, they would have reached there in time.

If I had seen him, I might have told him the news.

RULE 36:  Present Indefinite or Present perfect tense  + since + Past Indefinite tense.

Example:  It is many years since I came to Dhaka.

Many years have passed since I had met her.

RULE 37:   Past Indefinite tense + since + Past perfect tense.

Example:  Many years passed since I had seen her last.

RULE 38: Past Perfect + before + past  Indefinite.

past Indefinite + after + past perfect.

Example:  The patient had died before the doctor came.

The patient died after the doctor had come.

RULE 39: Beginning of the sentence- verb + ing or to + v1  (gerund, infinitive)

Example:  Rising early is a good habit.

Sleeping is necessary to life.

To take drugs leads a man to death.

RULE  40:        Verb + (how/what/when/which/why) + to

Example:   He knows what to do.

She taught me how to make a cup of tea.

RULE 41:   Things =  interesting ,    person = interested

Example:    History is very interesting subject.

I am very much interested to meet him.

RULE 42: Uncountable noun ( water, air, tea, sugar, environment, furniture, kindness, rainfall, reputation, wood, paper, gum, courtesy, earth, bread, oxygen, smoke, Bangla, English.) + singular verb.

Example:   Air is very important element of the environment.

Water plays a vital role in agriculture.

RULE  43:  No sooner had….than,

Scarcely had…..when,

hardly had…before/when.

Example:  No sooner had he seen the police than he ran away.

RULE 44: If Simple Sentence contains two main verbs , It may be 2^nd verb with ing or to + 2^nd     verb with present form.

Example:  I saw him going .

I am going to open a bank account.